Setting golang dev environment¶
You can download go language and it's tools at https://golang.org/dl.
The installation instructions can be found at https://golang.org/doc/install.
Since I'm on arch, I can run the following command.
➜ learning git:(master) ✗ sudo pacman -S go go-tools
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...
Packages (2) go-2:1.13.5-1 go-tools-2:1.13+3523+65e3620a7-3
Total Download Size: 140.22 MiB
Total Installed Size: 624.15 MiB
:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n]
:: Retrieving packages...
go-2:1.13.5-1-x86_64 113.0 MiB 1082 KiB/s 01:47 [#######################################################################################] 100%
go-tools-2:1.13+3523+65e3620a7-3-x86_64 27.2 MiB 1186 KiB/s 00:23 [#######################################################################################] 100%
(2/2) checking keys in keyring [#######################################################################################] 100%
(2/2) checking package integrity [#######################################################################################] 100%
(2/2) loading package files [#######################################################################################] 100%
(2/2) checking for file conflicts [#######################################################################################] 100%
(2/2) checking available disk space [#######################################################################################] 100%
:: Processing package changes...
(1/2) installing go [#######################################################################################] 100%
(2/2) installing go-tools [#######################################################################################] 100%
:: Running post-transaction hooks...
(1/1) Arming ConditionNeedsUpdate...
Test that it works¶
➜ learning git:(master) ✗ go version
go version go1.13.5 linux/amd64
Setting up paths¶
There are 2 environment variables that can be set up for golang.
$GOROOT - indicates on where the golang is installed.
$GOPATH - indicates on where all the packages will go
- You can specify multiple directories, it will search all of them.
- When using `go get` that downloads packages, it will use the first directory.
If needed, you can modify them in your .basrc / .zshrc files.
I'm going to set up 2 paths - one for libraries, one for this learning project.
export GOPATH=/home/davis/.golib:/home/davis/projects/learning/golang
Structure¶
Within these paths you will see 3 main directories:
bin - compiled binaries
pkg - when compiling, creates intermediate binaries so you don't have to recompile them every time
src - source code
We are going to create these 3 directories in our GOPATH.
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ pwd
/home/davis/projects/learning/golang
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ mkdir bin pkg src
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ ls
bin pkg src
Hello world application¶
When creating a new application, we will create a new project in the src directory. The standard structure is to mirror the structure it would look like in source control. So it should look like this:
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ mkdir -p src/github.com/daviskregers/helloworld
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ tree
.
|-- bin
|-- pkg
`-- src
`-- github.com
`-- daviskregers
`-- helloworld
In this helloworld directory we can add a new file Main.go with following contents.
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
fmt.Println("Hello Go!")
}
Now there are multiple steps on how we can run the program.
- By running it:
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ go run ./src/github.com/daviskregers/helloworld/Main.go
Hello Go!
- Building and running it
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ go build ./src/github.com/daviskregers/helloworld
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ ./helloworld
Hello Go!
- By installing it
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ pwd
/home/davis/projects/learning/golang
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ ls bin
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ go install github.com/daviskregers/helloworld
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ ls bin
helloworld
➜ golang git:(master) ✗ bin/helloworld
Hello Go!